midterm

Midterm test for syntax



Name : สีดา
(Yiying ding)
Major: English
ID : 48043020184


1. Explain the correlation of idea that language is used as a correlation between gestures and meaning ? ( 5 points)

#1. Language and gestures are both forms of communication. Language can explain the meaning of a gesture. Here are two examples of a gesture following by language to give meaning.

A. GESTURES------------------MEANING

Examples:

A1. You point with your index finger at someone. (a gesture)
If you smile and add with language, “You shouldn’t say that!” it means you appreciate a joke the other person made.


B. GESTURES--------------ARRANGEMENT---------MEANING

B.You point with your index finger at someone. (same gesture) But your look is stern or unhappy. You don’t smile and say, “You shouldn’t say that!” meaning: you are not pleased with what has been said.

2.To understand Syntax perfectly well, we need to under the other linguistic branch ‘Morphology ‘ . Why is that ? Can you try to analyze using the following data . (5 points)

#2.The morphology is important function word, English word have word of two kind: content woed and function word. Content word includes nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverb, can change from to show plurality, possession, tense or comparison. These carry sentence of the principle meaning in which these words occur. Function words, which do not have several forms, provide the structure of sentence. It’s help relate quality or
connect content word.

a. Barking dogs does not bite .
-Barking is adjective.
-Dogs is noun.
-Does is helping verb.
-not is adverb.
-Bite is verb.

b. All men is create equal.
-All is modifier.
-Men is noun.
-create is transitive verb.
-Equal is adjective.

c. How long is your feet? One foot.
-How is adverb.
-Long is intransitive verb.
-is is verb.
-your is a adjective.
-Feet is noun.
-One is adjective.
-Foot is noun.

3.Experience of Language---language faculty---Grammar of L (5 points)

#3.-competence/performance
Competence/performance. Competence means you have the ability and/or you have the talent to see something through, like sing a song, give a speech, drive a car. If you are “competent” that means you can perform well. A competent person will sing well, speak well, or drive a car well. An incompetent person will not perform well. His/her song will sound terrible, his/her speech may be unclear, and his/her driving may cause a accident or even a death.

-Species-specific
“Species” refers to a type. “Genus” refers to a particular of that type. Example: Students who study tourism must know which hotels are expensive and which are inexpensive. “Students” are a genus; “who study tourism” is a specific, or genus. Expensive and inexpensive hotels are a further particular.

-Linguistic Acquisition Device –LAD
In general study language and particular languages pattern in grammar.

-Principles and Parameter Theory –PPT
If the acquisition of grammatical competence is indeed con-
trolled by genetically endowed language faculty incorporating
a theory of UG, It follows that certain aspects of child and
adult competion are know without experience and hence must
be part of the genetic information about language with which
we are biologically endowed at birth.


4.compare Thai and English in terms of the followings:

#4. a. Case
-The sentence of thai not change tense when spoke about
past, present or future. But English words must change.

b. Number
-In Thailand, People use number only form that is หนึ่ง สอง
สาม in anytime… But In England. People use number not only
one form , It would change according in different occasion.
For example: the first class . the second floor. And so on.

c.Sentence/Phrase Structure
-I think sentence of thai and English are not different for example : this is my book. –in English . but Thai sentence is หนัง สือเล่มนี้ของชัน (book this is my) and also Phrase Structure sometimes is not different, For example : Thai words is บ้านฉัน(house my) but English words is my house




5.Employ any means to show clearly the concept of ‘Constituent’
and ‘Contructrion’ of the following sentence.

#5. The constituent is a subject. Here John is a species, or an unknown general person until you add a description or a specific. “Smokes cigarettes” tells what he does. “In the morning” adds when he does it.

6.Underline the equal constituent with the underlined one.

a.Micheal Moore wrote a book about the President George Bush and Donal Rumsfeld

c. Kenny G performed his concert in Bangkok and in Uttaradit
b. His Majesty the King is highly regarded not only as the
talented Jazz musician but also as the great scientist.


#6. An “equal constituent” is the self same noun subject now described in terms of who, what, where, when, or how something has become accomplished.
Michael Moore book about the President
Kenny G performed in Bkk, and Utt
The King talented jazz musician, great
scentist